# SotaProxy

> All-in-one Proxy Platform for Automation & Digital Growth. Residential, datacenter, mobile, and ISP proxies with rotation, sticky sessions, and city-level targeting. Pay-as-you-go pricing (per GB or per IP), crypto payments, no KYC, credentials issued in about 60 seconds.

## Product

- [Residential Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxies/residential): real ISP IPs from 220+ countries
- [Datacenter Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxies/datacenter): fast, low-cost IPs for volume tasks
- [Mobile Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxies/mobile): 4G/5G carrier IPs
- [ISP Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxies/isp): static residential IPs
- [Pricing](https://sotaproxy.com/en/pricing): pay per GB or per IP, from $0.20
- [Technology](https://sotaproxy.com/en/technology): infrastructure and IP sourcing
- [FAQ](https://sotaproxy.com/en/faqs): common questions about payments, setup, and usage

## Documentation

- [Connection string reference](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/connection-string): Every field in a SotaProxy connection string: endpoints, ports, login suffixes for country, city and sticky sessions, with working curl examples.
- [Rotating and sticky sessions](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/rotating-vs-sticky): How rotation works on the residential gateway, the three sticky lifetimes we support, and how to pick session identifiers for parallel work.
- [Country and city targeting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/geo-targeting): How to request a country or a city on the residential gateway, what to do when a city returns 400, and which countries the static products cover.
- [Protocols and ports](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/protocols-and-ports): Which ports our products answer on, how HTTP and SOCKS5 differ in practice, and why socks5h matters for DNS.
- [Authentication and IP whitelisting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/ip-whitelist): Credentials versus whitelisting on SotaProxy, which products support which, and how to avoid locking yourself out.
- [407 Proxy Authentication Required](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/error-407): Why a proxy returns 407, how it differs from 401, and the specific malformed logins that cause it on SotaProxy.
- [502 and 400: no exit available](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/error-502-and-400): What a 502 from the gateway means, why a 400 mentions an unknown country or city, and how to fall back without wasting traffic.
- [Slow responses and timeouts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/docs/slow-and-timeouts): Why residential routes take longer to establish, which timeout values work, and how to tell a proxy problem from a target problem.

## Locations

- [Saudi Arabia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/saudi-arabia): Saudi IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. stc sits in 26 cities out of 31, the deepest pool is the Eastern Province rather than Riyadh, and nine of 24 Saudi sites we checked answer a foreign address differently.
- [Costa Rica](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/costa-rica): Costa Rican IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The most even market in our catalogue: three carriers split the country almost equally and none covers half of it.
- [Paraguay](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/paraguay): Paraguayan IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Tigo sits in 44 cities out of 53, and the exceptions fall precisely on the colony towns of the Chaco and the eastern border.
- [Puerto Rico](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/puerto-rico): Puerto Rican IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. A US territory, yet geolocation databases read it as PR rather than the United States. We checked.
- [Dominican Republic](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/dominican-republic): Dominican IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Santiago runs deeper than the capital, the capital is split across three entries, and Punta Cana holds a single network.
- [Slovenia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/slovenia): Slovenian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The three sites holding the most valuable data are behind a Cloudflare challenge, while next door in Croatia not one site is closed.
- [Croatia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/croatia): Croatian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Twenty sites out of twenty open from outside, so the address here is taken for the coast and for ads rather than to get through.
- [Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/bosnia-and-herzegovina): Bosnian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The carrier here tells you the entity, the entity tells you the script, and the language attribute tells you nothing.
- [Algeria](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/algeria): Algerian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. One hundred and fifty two cities and exactly one network for the whole country: the widest geography and the narrowest choice in our catalogue.
- [Egypt](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/egypt): Egyptian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Telecom Egypt sits in 110 cities out of 121, and switching carrier here does not switch the access network.
- [Pakistan](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/pakistan): Pakistani IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Lahore runs deeper than Karachi, Punjab holds more than half the cities, and the regulator requires local companies to register VPNs.
- [Tunisia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/tunisia): Tunisian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Only eleven networks in the country, yet seven cities give you nine or ten of them.
- [Serbia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/serbia): Serbian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The pool leans to Vojvodina rather than Belgrade, and the Serbian web runs on two alphabets at once.
- [Greece](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/greece): Greek IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. One carrier group covers 83 cities out of 99, and the tail of the pool is made of university networks.
- [Denmark](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/denmark): Danish IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Thirty four networks for the country, half of it held by a wholesale operator, and a tail made of housing associations and municipalities.
- [Peru](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/peru): Peruvian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Lima holds half the networks in the country, and seven of twenty sites we checked are closed to a datacentre address.
- [Ecuador](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/ecuador): Ecuadorian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Two equal centres, the deepest pool per city in the region, and a country running on the US dollar.
- [Venezuela](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/venezuela): Venezuelan IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. 137 networks, but 25 of them exist only in Caracas, and what you see depends on which carrier you pinned.
- [Slovakia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/slovakia): Slovak IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. 185 towns and 78 networks, but in 130 of those towns there is exactly one network.
- [Vietnam](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/vietnam): Vietnamese IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Fine-grained geography and only three networks: VNPT, Viettel and FPT cover the whole country.
- [Norway](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/norway): Norwegian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Two carriers split the country almost evenly, and the pool spreads across regions more evenly than in most countries.
- [Chile](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/chile): Chilean IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The most competitive carrier market in our pool: 44 networks in Santiago alone.
- [Hungary](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/hungary): Hungarian IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. Three carriers rather than one, so here you can actually get different autonomous systems, not just different cities.
- [Philippines](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/philippines): Philippine IP addresses from $1.00 per GB. The pool rests on PLDT and Converge, so choosing the carrier matters more here than choosing the city.
- [Russia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/russia): Russian IP addresses with real prices. Search here is regional by design, and eleven time zones break the idea of a daily slice.
- [Moldova](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/moldova): Moldovan IP addresses with real prices. Check the target actually serves the country first, and a small pool sometimes makes mobile the sensible choice.
- [Bangladesh](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/bangladesh): Bangladeshi IP addresses with real prices. Digits here are Bengali, some text sits in legacy encodings, and page weight decides your bill.
- [Armenia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/armenia): Armenian IP addresses with real prices. Armenian punctuation does not work like Latin punctuation, and much of the audience lives outside the country.
- [Morocco](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/morocco): Moroccan IP addresses with real prices. Some queries here are written in Latin letters with digits inside words, and a moving calendar shifts year-on-year comparisons.
- [Colombia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/colombia): Colombian IP addresses with real prices. A mobile address here is shared with more people than usual, and postal addresses read as a grid.
- [New Zealand](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/new-zealand): New Zealand IP addresses with real prices. An Australian address will not do, and the calendar here runs the other way round.
- [Kazakhstan](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/kazakhstan): Kazakh IP addresses with real prices. The web describes only part of this market, and cities here exist under several names at once.
- [Bulgaria](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/bulgaria): Bulgarian IP addresses with real prices. Price series here cross a currency changeover, and queries arrive in two alphabets.
- [South Africa](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/south-africa): South African IP addresses with real prices. The pool here depends on scheduled power supply, and your pipeline has to survive that.
- [Malaysia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/malaysia): Malaysian IP addresses with real prices. Three languages sit mixed on one page, and the country comes in two pieces with separate logistics.
- [United Arab Emirates](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/united-arab-emirates): Emirati IP addresses with real prices. English is the primary commercial language here, and a local exit shows you local network conditions in full.
- [Argentina](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/argentina): Argentine IP addresses with real prices. Prices here have a short shelf life, so collection frequency matters more than breadth.
- [Mexico](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/mexico): Mexican IP addresses with real prices. A site’s "Latin American" version is usually the Mexican one, and treating it as the region is expensive.
- [Taiwan](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/taiwan): Taiwanese IP addresses with real prices. Traditional characters are not converted Simplified, and mainland vocabularies do not transfer here.
- [Israel](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/israel): Israeli IP addresses with real prices. Right-to-left text breaks parsing rather than access, and the working week here starts on Sunday.
- [Ireland](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/ireland): Irish IP addresses with real prices. The only large English-speaking market inside the EU, and a British address is not a substitute for it.
- [Belgium](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/belgium): Belgian IP addresses with real prices. The one country in our coverage where city targeting pays for itself, because language follows geography.
- [Estonia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/estonia): Estonian IP addresses with real prices. Part of the work here is answered by open government data without proxies, and we say which part.
- [Finland](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/finland): Finnish IP addresses with real prices. Finnish grammar breaks keyword lists and name matching harder than anything else in Europe.
- [Sweden](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/sweden): Swedish IP addresses with real prices. One platform serves four Nordic countries, and which of them you are shown is decided by the address.
- [Georgia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/georgia): Georgian IP addresses with real prices. The market fits on a handful of domains and the text runs in three writing systems, and both change the job.
- [Latvia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/latvia): Latvian IP addresses with real prices. The market runs in two languages and the pool is small, and both facts change how collection is planned here.
- [Austria](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/austria): Austrian IP addresses with real prices. Much of Austrian commerce runs on German domains, where the country is decided by your address rather than the URL.
- [Czechia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/czechia): Czech IP addresses with real prices. There are two search engines here rather than one, and the second is far more country-bound than Google.
- [Portugal](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/portugal): Portuguese IP addresses with real prices. Portuguese comes in two varieties, and the address alone will not get you the European version.
- [Indonesia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/indonesia): Indonesian IP addresses with real prices. Why the pool sits almost entirely on Java, and when a Singaporean address is the better buy.
- [Australia](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/australia): Australian IP addresses with real prices. Why distance matters more than anything here, and where to run workers so a job does not take twice as long.
- [Hong Kong](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/hong-kong): Hong Kong IP addresses with real prices. Why a Hong Kong address does not substitute for a mainland Chinese one, and why it gets bought for routing.
- [Turkey](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/turkey): Turkish IP addresses with real prices. Why some external sites may not open through a Turkish exit, and which local targets are stricter than the rest.
- [India](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/india): Indian IP addresses with real prices. Why city targeting actually works here unlike in small countries, and why language is not the trap it is next door.
- [South Korea](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/south-korea): Korean IP addresses with real prices. Why search collection here does not start with Google, and what a Korean address does not solve for account work.
- [Japan](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/japan): Japanese IP addresses with real prices. Why a Japanese address is a precondition here rather than an optimisation, and which targets refuse foreigners outright.
- [Thailand](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/thailand): Thai IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why everything concentrates in Bangkok, and when a mobile address beats a residential one here.
- [Singapore](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/singapore): Singaporean IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why city targeting is unnecessary here, and why Singapore gets bought as a base for Asia.
- [Canada](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/canada): Canadian IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why a US address does not substitute here, and which city decides the language of the page.
- [Brazil](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/brazil): Brazilian IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Which local targets block a datacenter address, which cities are reachable, and what a month actually costs.
- [Italy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/italy): Italian IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why Milan and Rome answer different questions, and which targets refuse a datacenter address.
- [Switzerland](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/switzerland): Swiss IP addresses with real prices. Why Swiss prices cannot be compared with EU ones directly, and what to do about sites that speak three languages.
- [Lithuania](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/lithuania): Lithuanian IP addresses with real prices. Why Lithuanian datacenter ranges get recognised more often than you would expect, and when you actually need all three Baltic markets.
- [Ukraine](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/ukraine): Ukrainian IP addresses on all four types with real prices. How residential availability depends on the power supply, and what to use instead when it matters.
- [Spain](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/spain): Spanish IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why the city you request decides the language version, and which targets refuse a datacenter address.
- [Romania](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/romania): Romanian IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why one marketplace covers three countries here, and how Romanian residential exits differ on speed.
- [Poland](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/poland): Polish IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Which targets refuse a datacenter address, which cities hold up, and why Polish addresses get used across Europe.
- [France](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/france): French IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Which targets refuse a datacenter address, which cities are reachable, and what makes Marseille different.
- [Germany](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/germany): German IP addresses on all four types with real prices. What people monitor here, which cities are available, and which services show something different from outside.
- [United States](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/united-states): American IP addresses on all four types with real prices. Why the US is not one market, when city targeting is the actual job, and what a US address does not solve.
- [United Kingdom](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/united-kingdom): British IP addresses on residential, ISP, datacenter and mobile, with real prices, the GB country code that catches everyone once, and what a UK address is actually for.
- [China](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/china): Chinese IP addresses for market research, price monitoring and ad verification. What we have in China, what we do not, and which of three different questions you are really asking.
- [Netherlands](https://sotaproxy.com/en/locations/netherlands): Dutch IP addresses on all four types, with real prices, the exact connection strings for NL targeting, and what actually breaks without a local address.

## Proxies for specific platforms

- [Proxy for Telegram](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/telegram): Telegram takes a SOCKS5 proxy in its own settings. Which of our products fits accounts, bots and channel collection, with the exact connection strings and what an address will not fix.
- [Proxy for TikTok](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/tiktok): TikTok is one of the strictest platforms about where a connection comes from. Which of our products holds up for accounts, ads and public data collection, and what an address cannot do about the device.
- [Proxy for Twitter (X)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/twitter): On X the official API limits follow your account, not your address, so a proxy changes nothing there. Where it does matter is holding several accounts apart and reaching pages that need a login.
- [Proxy for Instagram](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/instagram): Carrier networks put thousands of real users behind one address, which is the actual reason mobile proxies hold up on Instagram. Which of our products fits accounts, ads and collection, and where Meta links accounts anyway.
- [Proxy for LinkedIn](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/linkedin): Every limit that stops people on LinkedIn sits on the account, not the address, and LinkedIn will not tell you how much of it is left. Which of our products actually helps, what it costs, and the court case that decided what scraping here means.
- [Proxy for Discord](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/discord): Discord documents an IP-level restriction: 10,000 invalid requests in ten minutes and the address, not the token, is cut off from the API. What that means for bot infrastructure, what a proxy will not do, and what to buy.
- [Proxy for Reddit](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/reddit): Reddit closed the unauthenticated JSON path, its robots.txt disallows every crawler, and its API terms forbid masking your user agent. What a proxy still does here, what it does not, and a test you can repeat yourself.
- [Proxy for Snapchat](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/snapchat): Snapchat locks accounts over third-party apps on the device, and its API limits count against your app and token. Where a proxy still helps, where it cannot, and the contradiction between its robots.txt and its terms.
- [Proxy for Facebook](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/facebook): Meta counts Graph API limits per app and never per address, and its robots.txt says automated collection needs written permission. What a proxy does for ad accounts, what it cannot do, and what to buy.
- [Proxy for Google](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/google): Google disallows /search for every crawler in its own robots.txt, and the official Custom Search API is closed to new customers and ends in 2027. What a proxy is genuinely for on Google, and what to buy.
- [Proxy for WhatsApp](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/whatsapp): On WhatsApp the identity is the phone number, the messaging limits sit on your business portfolio, and with the Cloud API the delivery leg is not even yours. Here is the little a proxy does, and what to buy if you need it.
- [Proxy for Amazon](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/amazon): Amazon lets crawlers reach product pages, and its Conditions of Use exclude collecting listings, descriptions and prices from the licence it grants you. Both are true. What a proxy does here, and what to buy.
- [Proxy for eBay](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/ebay): From a datacenter address eBay answered 403 on the homepage and on search, three times in a row, while Amazon served the same client. That result decides which proxy is worth buying here.
- [Proxy for Avito](https://sotaproxy.com/en/proxy-for/avito): Avito answers a flagged address with a captcha page carrying HTTP 429 and the title "access restricted: IP problem". We measured how quickly one datacenter address reaches it, and what that means for what to buy.

## Use cases

- [Real Estate Data](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/real-estate-data)
- [Traffic Arbitrage](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/traffic-arbitrage)
- [Job Market Data](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/job-market-data)
- [MAP Compliance](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/map-compliance)
- [App Store Monitoring](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/app-store-monitoring)
- [Review Monitoring](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/review-monitoring)
- [Affiliate Marketing](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/affiliate-marketing)
- [Multi-Accounting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/multi-accounting)
- [Web Scraping](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/web-scraping)
- [Price Monitoring](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/price-monitoring)
- [Ad Verification](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/ad-verification)
- [SEO Rank Tracking](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/seo-rank-tracking)
- [Social Media Automation](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/social-media-automation)
- [Market Research](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/market-research)
- [Sneaker Bots & Retail Automation](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/sneaker-bots)
- [Travel Fare Aggregation](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/travel-fare-aggregation)
- [Brand Protection](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/brand-protection)
- [Software & QA Testing](https://sotaproxy.com/en/use-cases/data-center-testing)

## Integrations

- [Python](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/python)
- [Scrapy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/scrapy)
- [Playwright](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/playwright)
- [Puppeteer](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/puppeteer)
- [Selenium](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/selenium)
- [Node.js](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/node-js)
- [cURL](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/curl)
- [GoLogin](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/gologin)
- [VMLogin](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/vmlogin)
- [Multilogin](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/multilogin)
- [Dolphin Anty](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/dolphin-anty)
- [Afina](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/afina-antidetect)
- [AdsPower](https://sotaproxy.com/en/integrations/adspower)

## Comparisons

- [SotaProxy vs Bright Data](https://sotaproxy.com/en/compare/brightdata)
- [SotaProxy vs Smartproxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/compare/smartproxy)
- [SotaProxy vs Oxylabs](https://sotaproxy.com/en/compare/oxylabs)
- [SotaProxy vs IPRoyal](https://sotaproxy.com/en/compare/iproyal)
- [SotaProxy vs Webshare](https://sotaproxy.com/en/compare/webshare)

## Glossary

- [URL Canonicalization](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/url-canonicalization): Reducing the many addresses that lead to one page down to a single form, so a dataset counts pages rather than links.
- [Structured Data Extraction](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/structured-data-extraction): Reading the machine-readable blocks a page already publishes, instead of parsing the visible text with selectors.
- [HTTP CONNECT](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/http-connect): The request a client sends to open a raw tunnel through a proxy. Everything after it is encrypted end to end, so the proxy forwards bytes it cannot read.
- [Session Persistence](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/session-persistence): Keeping a sequence of requests recognisable as one visitor. It requires the client state and the exit address to stay together.
- [WebRTC Leak](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/webrtc-leak): A browser API that can expose local and public addresses directly, outside the HTTP path your proxy controls.
- [HTTP/2 Fingerprint](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/http2-fingerprint): A signature built from how a client opens an HTTP/2 connection: its settings, window sizes, priorities and header order.
- [Proxy Pricing Models](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-pricing-models): The unit a provider charges in: a gigabyte, an address per month, a port or a day. Two providers can look equally priced and differ several times over on the same job.
- [robots.txt](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/robots-txt): A file at the root of a site describing what its owner would prefer automated clients not to fetch. It is a convention, not an access control.
- [X-Forwarded-For](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/x-forwarded-for): A header that records the chain of addresses a request passed through. When a proxy adds your own address to it, the proxy has announced you.
- [JavaScript Rendering](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/javascript-rendering): Executing a page’s scripts so the content they build exists. Without it many sites return a valid, successful and completely empty page.
- [IP Reputation](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ip-reputation): A judgement a site or a vendor makes about an address before it looks at your request. Mostly it is a judgement about the range, not about you.
- [IP Geolocation Database](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/geolocation-database): A vendor’s mapping from addresses to places. It is an estimate that different vendors make differently, and sites choose which one to believe.
- [403 Forbidden](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/http-403-forbidden): The server understood the request and refused it. In scraping it usually means the address class was rejected before anything else was considered.
- [429 Too Many Requests](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/http-429-too-many-requests): The server accepted you and is asking you to slow down. What matters is what it counts against: an address, an account or a fingerprint.
- [Rotating Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/rotating-proxy): A proxy that assigns a new IP address on each request or at a fixed interval.
- [Sticky Session](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/sticky-session): A proxy session that holds the same IP address for a defined time window rather than rotating on every request.
- [Residential Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/residential-proxy): A proxy that routes traffic through IP addresses assigned by ISPs to residential internet connections.
- [Datacenter Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/datacenter-proxy): A proxy hosted on servers in commercial datacenters, offering high speed and low cost per request.
- [ISP Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/isp-proxy): A static IP assigned by a real ISP but hosted on datacenter infrastructure - combining residential trust scores with datacenter performance.
- [Mobile Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/mobile-proxy): A proxy that routes traffic through real 4G/LTE mobile carrier connections, giving you a real carrier IP address.
- [IP Ban](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ip-ban): A block placed on a specific IP address, preventing it from accessing a website or service.
- [Proxy Pool](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-pool): A collection of proxy IP addresses managed by a provider, from which IPs are assigned to users for each request or session.
- [SOCKS5 Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/socks5-proxy): A proxy protocol that routes any TCP or UDP traffic - not just HTTP - through a proxy server, with authentication support.
- [HTTP Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/http-proxy): A proxy that forwards HTTP and HTTPS requests between a client and a web server.
- [Backconnect Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/backconnect-proxy): A proxy architecture where a single gateway endpoint routes requests through a rotating pool of backend IPs.
- [Geo-Targeting (Proxy)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/geo-targeting): A proxy feature that lets you route requests through IPs in a specific country, region, or city.
- [CAPTCHA (in web scraping)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/captcha): A challenge-response test sites use to distinguish human users from automated bots - frequently triggered by scraping activity.
- [Dedicated Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/dedicated-proxy): A proxy IP assigned exclusively to one user - not shared with other customers.
- [Proxy Authentication](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-authentication): The method used to verify that a user is authorized to use a proxy endpoint - either username/password credentials or IP address whitelisting.
- [Residential vs. Datacenter Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/residential-vs-datacenter): Residential proxies use real ISP IPs with high trust scores. Datacenter proxies use server IPs that are faster and cheaper but more detectable.
- [IPv4 vs. IPv6 Proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ipv4-vs-ipv6): IPv4 proxies use 32-bit addresses (the current standard). IPv6 proxies use 128-bit addresses - more abundant and often cheaper, but with limited site support.
- [CGNAT (Carrier-Grade NAT)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/cgnat): Carrier-Grade NAT is a technology mobile carriers use to share one public IP address among thousands of subscribers.
- [Proxy Bandwidth](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/bandwidth): The total amount of data (upload + download) transferred through a proxy connection, typically measured in GB.
- [Proxy Server](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/what-is-a-proxy): An intermediary server that sits between your device and the internet, forwarding your requests and returning responses under its own IP address.
- [Proxy vs VPN](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-vs-vpn): A proxy reroutes traffic for a single app or request without encryption, while a VPN encrypts and reroutes all traffic from your device.
- [Reverse Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/reverse-proxy): A server that sits in front of one or more web servers and forwards incoming client requests to them, hiding the backend from the client.
- [Forward Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/forward-proxy): A proxy that acts on behalf of clients, forwarding their outbound requests to the internet and hiding the client's real IP.
- [Transparent Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/transparent-proxy): A proxy that intercepts traffic without any client configuration and without concealing the client's real IP address.
- [Anonymous Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/anonymous-proxy): A proxy that hides your real IP address but still signals to the target that a proxy is in use.
- [Elite Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/elite-proxy): A high-anonymity proxy that hides your real IP and sends no headers revealing that a proxy is in use.
- [Shared vs Private Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/shared-vs-private-proxy): A shared proxy assigns the same IP to multiple users at once, while a private (dedicated) proxy gives one user exclusive use of the IP.
- [Public Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/public-proxy): A free, openly available proxy that anyone can connect to without authentication - typically slow, unreliable, and insecure.
- [HTTPS Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/https-proxy): An HTTP proxy that supports the CONNECT method to tunnel encrypted HTTPS traffic between client and destination.
- [SOCKS4 vs SOCKS5](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/socks4-vs-socks5): SOCKS4 and SOCKS5 are proxy protocols; SOCKS5 adds authentication, UDP support, IPv6, and remote DNS resolution over the older SOCKS4.
- [Proxy Port](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-port): The network port number on a proxy server that your client connects to, determining which protocol and gateway you use.
- [Proxy Chaining](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-chaining): Routing traffic through two or more proxies in sequence, so each proxy only knows the previous and next hop, adding layers of anonymity.
- [SSL Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ssl-proxy): A proxy that handles SSL/TLS-encrypted connections, either tunneling them intact or terminating and re-encrypting them for inspection.
- [Web Scraping](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/web-scraping): The automated extraction of data from websites by sending requests and parsing the returned HTML or API responses.
- [Is Web Scraping Legal?](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/is-web-scraping-legal): Scraping publicly available data is generally lawful in many jurisdictions, but legality depends on the data type, site terms, and local law.
- [Rate Limiting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/rate-limiting): A control that caps how many requests a single client or IP can make within a time window, returning errors once the limit is exceeded.
- [User Agent](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/user-agent): An HTTP header string that identifies the browser, version, and operating system making a request.
- [Browser Fingerprinting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/browser-fingerprinting): A technique that identifies and tracks users by combining many browser and device attributes into a unique signature.
- [TLS Fingerprint (JA3)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/tls-fingerprint-ja3): A signature derived from how a client negotiates a TLS handshake, used to identify the software making a request - often via the JA3 hash.
- [Headless Browser](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/headless-browser): A real web browser that runs without a graphical interface, controlled by code to load, render, and interact with pages.
- [Honeypot Trap](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/honeypot-trap): A hidden link, field, or page that real users never interact with, used to catch and flag automated bots that do.
- [Anti-Bot System](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/anti-bot-system): Security software that detects and blocks automated traffic by scoring requests on IP, headers, fingerprint, and behavior signals.
- [Request Headers](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/request-headers): Key-value metadata sent with every HTTP request, describing the client, accepted content, and context of the request.
- [IP Address](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/what-is-an-ip-address): A numeric label assigned to each device on a network, used to route traffic to and from it across the internet.
- [ASN (Autonomous System Number)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/asn): A unique number identifying a network operator that controls a block of IP addresses on the internet.
- [Static vs Dynamic IP](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/static-vs-dynamic-ip): A static IP stays the same over time, while a dynamic IP is reassigned periodically by the network.
- [IPv6 Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ipv6-proxy): A proxy that routes traffic through IPv6 addresses, offering enormous, cheap pools but limited to IPv6-compatible targets.
- [DNS Proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/dns-proxy): A server that takes your DNS queries, forwards them to a resolver and returns the answer, without carrying any of your actual traffic.
- [DNS Leak](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/dns-leak): A privacy flaw where DNS lookups bypass your proxy, revealing which sites you visit to your ISP or a third party.
- [IP Whitelisting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/ip-whitelisting): A rule that lets a service accept connections only from source addresses registered in advance. On a proxy it replaces the username and password.
- [Proxy Gateway](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-gateway): A single entry-point server that fronts a proxy provider's IP pool, assigning an IP to each connection from the pool behind it.
- [Geo-Blocking](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/geo-blocking): Restricting access to content or services based on the user's geographic location, determined from their IP address.
- [Concurrent Sessions (Threads)](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/concurrent-sessions): The number of simultaneous connections or requests you can run through a proxy service at the same time.
- [Proxy Manager](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-manager): Software that centralizes and automates proxy usage - rotation, routing rules, retries, and per-target configuration - across your pool.
- [Proxy List](https://sotaproxy.com/en/glossary/proxy-list): A collection of proxy IP addresses and ports, usually with credentials, formatted for import into scraping or automation tools.

## Blog

- [white page arbitrage cloaking](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/white-page-arbitrage-cloaking)
- [webshare vs decodo](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/webshare-vs-decodo)
- [how to buy proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-to-buy-proxies)
- [proxy authentication methods](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/proxy-authentication-methods)
- [banned with a clean proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/banned-with-a-clean-proxy)
- [decodo vs iproyal](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/decodo-vs-iproyal)
- [google maps lead scraping](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/google-maps-lead-scraping)
- [err tunnel connection failed](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/err-tunnel-connection-failed)
- [cheapest residential proxies](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/cheapest-residential-proxies)
- [how many telegram accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-telegram-accounts)
- [brightdata vs oxylabs](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/brightdata-vs-oxylabs)
- [onlyfans agency contracts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/onlyfans-agency-contracts)
- [decodo alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/decodo-alternatives)
- [webshare alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/webshare-alternatives)
- [dolphin anty multi accounting proxy integration](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/dolphin-anty-multi-accounting-proxy-integration)
- [proxy types compared](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/proxy-types-compared)
- [why a working proxy isn t enough a todetect pre launch checklist](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/why-a-working-proxy-isn-t-enough-a-todetect-pre-launch-checklist)
- [how many x accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-x-accounts)
- [reddit blocked by network security](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/reddit-blocked-by-network-security)
- [how many discord accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-discord-accounts)
- [telegram automation with telegram expert what to do if a task stops midway](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/telegram-automation-with-telegram-expert-what-to-do-if-a-task-stops-midway)
- [how many reddit accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-reddit-accounts)
- [how many tiktok accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-tiktok-accounts)
- [how many facebook accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-facebook-accounts)
- [how many instagram accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-instagram-accounts)
- [how many accounts can you have](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-many-accounts-can-you-have)
- [onlyfans earnings breakdown](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/onlyfans-earnings-breakdown)
- [test a proxy before you buy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/test-a-proxy-before-you-buy)
- [make money web scraping](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/make-money-web-scraping)
- [multi accounting stack cost](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/multi-accounting-stack-cost)
- [onlyfans agency multiple accounts](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/onlyfans-agency-multiple-accounts)
- [buy proxies for geo surfing](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/buy-proxies-for-geo-surfing)
- [how to build an advertising traffic protection infrastructure with cloaking house and sotaproxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-to-build-an-advertising-traffic-protection-infrastructure-with-cloaking-house-and-sotaproxy)
- [fingerprint spoofing](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/fingerprint-spoofing)
- [what is sticky session](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/what-is-sticky-session)
- [how to avoid captcha](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/how-to-avoid-captcha)
- [adspower proxy integration](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/adspower-proxy-integration)
- [top proxy providers](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/top-proxy-providers)
- [best proxy services](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/best-proxy-services)
- [smartproxy alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/smartproxy-alternatives)
- [iproyal alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/iproyal-alternatives)
- [oxylabs alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/oxylabs-alternatives)
- [brightdata alternatives](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/brightdata-alternatives)
- [zip code targeting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/zip-code-targeting)
- [what is forward proxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/what-is-forward-proxy)
- [what is a proxy used for](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/what-is-a-proxy-used-for)
- [amazon review scraper](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/amazon-review-scraper)
- [blocklist on instagram](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/blocklist-on-instagram)
- [what is geo targeting](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/what-is-geo-targeting)
- [building a reliable multi account stack with mostlogin and sotaproxy](https://sotaproxy.com/en/blog/building-a-reliable-multi-account-stack-with-mostlogin-and-sotaproxy)

## Company

- [About](https://sotaproxy.com/en/about)
- [Contact](https://sotaproxy.com/en/contact): support@sotaproxy.com
- [Partners](https://sotaproxy.com/en/partners)

## Machine-readable

- [llms-full.txt](https://sotaproxy.com/llms-full.txt): the same content in full, quotable without crawling
- [pricing.txt](https://sotaproxy.com/pricing.txt): current prices, volume tiers and country coverage
- [API reference](https://sotaproxy.com/en/api-docs): REST and MCP