Proxies residenciales vs de centro de datos
Los proxies residenciales usan IPs reales de ISP con alta reputación. Los de centro de datos usan IPs de servidor, más rápidas y baratas pero más detectables.
La diferencia central: los proxies residenciales enrutan por IPs de abonados de internet doméstico (Comcast, BT, Verizon). Los proxies de centro de datos enrutan por servidores de proveedores de hosting comercial (AWS, Hetzner, OVH).
Reputación: los sitios comprueban el ASN de las IPs entrantes. Los ASN residenciales se asocian con usuarios reales. Los ASN de centro de datos se asocian con automatización y bots. Una IP residencial activa menos bloqueos y CAPTCHA que una IP de centro de datos contra el mismo objetivo.
Velocidad: los proxies de centro de datos son más rápidos. La infraestructura de servidores funciona a velocidades de gigabit. Los proxies residenciales enrutan por conexiones domésticas reales - normalmente de 10 a 100 Mbps con mayor latencia.
Coste: los proxies de centro de datos cuestan menos por GB o por IP. Los residenciales cuestan más porque requieren una infraestructura mayor para mantener pools de IPs reales.
Elige residenciales cuando: haces scraping de sitios con protección antibot activa (Amazon, Google, LinkedIn, redes sociales), gestionas cuentas sociales, verificas anuncios geo-segmentados o cualquier objetivo que bloquee rangos de IP de centro de datos.
Elige de centro de datos cuando: haces scraping de sitios que no bloquean IPs de nube, operaciones de alto volumen donde la velocidad importa más que el sigilo, proyectos sensibles al coste y pruebas automatizadas donde la reputación de la IP no es un factor.
One question decides it
The two types differ in one respect that produces every other difference: who owns the address according to the registry. A residential address belongs to a consumer internet provider. A datacenter address belongs to a hosting company.
From that follow the price models. Residential capacity is bought from device owners by the gigabyte, so it is billed by traffic. Datacenter capacity is a server with an uplink, so it is billed by address and month with traffic thrown in.
And from that follows the decision rule. If your target filters on address class, residential is not a better option but the only option. If it does not, datacenter is faster, more reliable and several times cheaper at any real volume.
The arithmetic, on our prices
A concrete comparison beats a feature table. One million pages at 80 KB of gzipped HTML:
Same job, two ways
Residential 76 GB at $1.00/GB = $76 per month
Datacenter 20 addresses at $1.35 each = $27 per month, unmetered
# The gap widens with volume, because one is metered and one is not.- Start on datacenter and measure your block rate. Move only the domains that fail, rather than routing everything through the expensive path.
- A 403 on the first request is the signal to switch. A 429 after many requests is not; that one needs more addresses, not a different type.
- ISP proxies sit between the two: consumer registration with datacenter hosting, static, from $1.90 per address per month.
- For account work neither is ideal. Static ISP or mobile addresses suit long-lived identities better than a rotating pool.
False comparisons
Residential is not more anonymous
Both hide your own address equally. The difference is what the destination thinks of the address it sees.
Datacenter is not lower quality
The hardware is better. What it lacks is the registry entry that some sites insist on.
Price per gigabyte versus price per address
Comparing the numbers directly is meaningless. Convert both to the cost of your actual job first.
One type rarely covers a real project
Most working setups route different targets to different types.
Términos relacionados
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